Wire-drawing machine



Marchl l 7, 1925.

1,529,73* J. PICOTIN WIRE DRAWING MACHINE Filed June 27, 1921 Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

man Heer-1N, Qrvunncanauua rainer..

W'rRE-nnewme MAeHINn".

Application led' June 27, 1921. Serial No. 480,797.

T all whom t may Gomera:

Be it known that l, JEAN Prco'rrN, citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Yilleurbagne., lthone, France, have invented new and useful; Improvements in lVire:

v Drawing: Machines and I do hereby ydeclare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

This invention relates to an improved wire drawing process.

It is a well known fact that the passage of a wire through a draw-plate produces heating, the inten-sity of which is'propor-A tional to the speed and deformation of the metal running through said draw-plate.

This increase of temperature is, in general, favorable to the Working of the wire, as it renders the wire softer, and hence more ductble. The heating of the wire, however, s not limited to, its contactpoint with the draw-plate, but spreads along: saidwire, and accumulates chiefly4 atthin parts thereof andl from which parts thel heat is absorbed by the surromiding`r atmosphere.` This heat-ingl of the wire, followed by slow gradual' cooling in the ambient teinperatiue and around the winding reel, causes-the structure of the wine to alter, and in some. cases, according tothe metalsused, an. actual allotropic trans. formation occurs. This phenomenon seems tol occurl even. in. connection with, copper, about L58@ Fahrenheit. @n thel other hand,

thewire, while. cooling-'down on the winding reel contracts, thus undergoingt considerable tension. .4

The. above described. phenomena. commonfA ly result in redncingvthe lenguhening.1 and the speed with. which. the operation; is efrfected: and; in. producing,i a wire. comparativefV l'v/ lli-ard and: brittle and unfity for any fiun. ther, drawing.

To, avoidisaid disadvantages it has al.- readgy'. been suggestedto thoroughly dip boththe draws-plate. and. tliewire. into aA liquid bath, r'll-he wire is thus cooled? dow-n iin-ined-ately after leaving.y the draw-plate but, asthe'lwire had beenl cooled: bef'one entering.

said draw-plate, some of? theadgvant'ages.

gained on the o-ne 11a-ndi are lost on.the.other.x

Theplan-t requined's for. opera-ting acconding to such, a processie in general' rather complicated. The immersion of,l the wire into'the bath necessitates the immersion of the reels and of the wire drawing. drums, which causes the liquid to splash, lim-its the speed through the drawfpla'tese and nequires 'the performing of the operation withinA water-tightA vate. 1

Finally, it is quite impossible to use in .connection with a plant as above mentioned, a lubricant different from that olf the refriger-ating fluid; nor vcan withdrawing of the wire be facilitated 'by .previously heating the wire as the latter is cooled inthe bath before passing through the draw-plate.

Itis therefore the object of this invention to provide a wire drawing: process, whereina cooling bath is. arranged after each drawplate for absorbing the heat produced on the passing of theI wire/.through said drawplate.

In the accompanying draw-ingsg F kl isa diagrammatical view of one embodiment: of' the invention wherein a plu- Eal'itv .of draw-plates: is. provided,

Fig. 2 is side elevation of amachine element of the so. called single end?` type, permitting the working up ofthe processaccording: to/niyl i'nventiomy'and:

Figi.A 3 is a vertical section thereof.,

With particular reference to Figure l, a isI a receptacle fitted with a refrigerating fluid inlet tube b and with an overflow tube 0,' said receptacle ai is provided', at the lower portion thereof, with' an aperture elf, permitting free passage of' the wire-. The wille to be drawn c passesl upwardly throughdraw-plate," j, then throught the refrigerating fluid. A dirum g' is provided on which the wire iswound, the wire being` also wound on anotlier drum h from whereI the wire is extended to the-"nent draw-plate fr fitted with a cooling; device as hereinbe-fore described and through which the wire is drawn by drum g4?, and so forth, down to a last reel gl?, around which the fin-ishedlwire is wound;

vWith. particularreference to Figs. 2f and 3 wherein a practical form of the invention isshown, there i'sprovided a metallic inemberll. fixed on a table or bench l1' and foriningfa bearing: for ahori'zontal shaft 2* nio'unzted on bearings and' revolved yby-a driving pulleyl 3; at both ends of said shaft are fixed two drumsv or Winders- 2A 2', around bio of? Wli-ielr is" stretched onty by; an roller 5 mounted on roller-holderV 6, fitted', With a 4handle 7. The holder 6j oscillaljles about a bear-ing 8" and is also capable rbeinginove'd in a parallel direction with the shaft on said bearing.

When idle, the driven bit of the belt 1s set `free and the springs 9V holdthe roller-holder 6 tight against the driving pulley 3, which is thus kept motionless. Vhen thehandle 7 is actuated the roller stretches the driven bit of the belt while a spur carriedby the inner surfaceof the arm of the holder` re` mote from the'pulley works onv a helicoidal sloping surface in the adjacent face of the bearing 8 to displace the holder 6 in a longitudinal direction, thereby compressing the springs 9 and releasing the driving pulley 3 to permit the latter to revolve. The wires are now drawn vertically through the drawf plates by the winders 2 and 2. The member 1 is provided with a bearing v11 in the lower portion of which is supported a hollow bar 12 capable of being slid in opposite directions and connected with a supply of refrigerating fluid. Said bar is provided with apertures 13 forming outlets and through which the flow may be regu-l lated by adjusting screws 14.

On said bar 12 vare mounted draw-plate holders 15 which form tanks 16 with which the apertures 13l communicate to allow the iilling thereof with vthe refrigerating fluid. Members 17 t'ted to stems 18 and secured by springs 1-9,keep the draw-plates 4, 4, in

position to close the tanks 16. When pre-- viousheating ofthe wire is not required, therefrigerating fluid may be used to lubricate said wire upon its entering the draw# plate. The tanks 16 are held in place by the bar 12 by means of split portions integral with the tanks and clamped on said `bar,also coiled wire-guides 20 secured to said stems 18 are provided for guiding the wire immediately after it has left the die-plate 16.- i

The wire to be drawn, which may be coiled or wound up around a spool 21, is placed within a' receptacle 22 containing a hot llubricating fluid. Said fluidy enables a warmed up wire to enter the draw-plate iffound useful, but also oEers al ,most `important adlvantage when the so called all-in-a-file system is adopted, said system being-shown on the drawing, according to which the wire leaves by itself, under tract/ive power, the spool21. v

'It is known that, when the aforesaid system is resorted to, the thread has a tendency to llock and that said locking causes the wire to break, upon thelocked portion reaching the draw-plate. v i Then the wire isbeingunwound within a liquid, it is braked all the more when the lheight ofthe liquid is great and thus one may 'avoid the locking which occurs when the operation is performed without liquid, especially with wires of great diameter.

It will be'tobvious that the hereinbefore mentloned disadvantages are obviated and cold than when it is hot, and said wire does not lengthen, l after passing through the draw-plate, under the draught or tractive power of the drums g, g1. v i

A further advantage is that the wire, on leaving the receptacle a, carries a small por tion of the refrigerating fluid with which it is surrounded upon reaching the drums g, h, g1, which permits the wire to slide very easily upon said drums, avoids abrasion,-and reduces breakage toa strict minimum.v

A further feature is that the-wire, being in a cold statevupon reaching drums g, g1, does not contract and, particularly, when wound up around the final reel, does not undergo undue strain andveii'ort by reason of the gradual cooling of the wire on said reel, and the contraction resulting therefrom, and,

Finally, the process herein described permits the warming of the wire before passing the wire through the draw-plate, and l covers the wire, if desired, with a lubricant different from the refrigerating fluid.

Having thus fully described the invention what isclaimed as vnew and desi-red to be' l secured by Letters Patent is 1. In a wire drawing machine, the combination with the draweplate thereof, of a tank situated on the outlet face of the plate and containing a cooling medium for acting on the wire immediately subsequent tothe drawing of the wire through the plate;

2. In a wire drawing machine in combination, a support, a hollow rotatable shaft operably mountedl therein and serving as a conductor for a cooling medium and provided with a series of suitably spaced openings, draw-plate holders mounted on the shaft beneath the openings and forming tanks, draw plates inthe holders constituting the bottoni of the tanksv and through which wires are adapted to'be drawn upwardly, and means associated with the openings'in the shaft/for;

um from the shaft to the tanks.

yIn testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JEAN PICOTIN.

Witnesses:

LEROY. A. LAVERIX... l

, controlling the passage of the cooling inedi- 

